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Rather than ranking information by popularity or engagement, CardioAdvocate is designed to elevate medical knowledge based on credibility, relevance, and clinical impact — prioritizing trusted sources, landmark trials, professional society guidance, and expert consensus.
Welcome to the CardioAdvocate Cardiometabolic Library — a curated, evidence-based collection of references, guidelines, landmark trials, and CardioAdvocate articles organized by topic. Click any section to explore. This is a living resource that grows as new evidence emerges.
Last updated: April 16, 2026 — 619 total references
▸ Guidelines & Foundations (96 references)
Guidelines: General
Lipid Guidelines
- 2026 ACC/AHA/NLA Guideline on the Management of Dyslipidemia (JACC)
- 2026 ACC/AHA/NLA Guideline on the Management of Dyslipidemia (Circulation)
- ESC/EAS Focused Update on Dyslipidaemias (2025)
- ESC/EAS Guidelines for Management of Dyslipidaemias (2019)
- ACC Expert Consensus: Role of Nonstatin Therapies (2022)
- CCS Dyslipidemia Guidelines (2021)
- AACE/ACE Consensus Statement on Management of Dyslipidemia (2020)
- AACE/ACE Guidelines for Management of Dyslipidemia (2017)
- NLA Recommendations Part 1: Executive Summary (2014)
- NLA Recommendations Part 2: Full Report (2014)
- NLA Recommendations for Patient-Centered Management of Dyslipidemia: Part 2
- USPSTF: Statin Use for Primary Prevention of CVD (2022)
- KDIGO Clinical Practice Guideline for Lipid Management in CKD (2013)
- ACC Atrial Fibrillation Guideline Hub
- AHA/ACC/HFSA Heart Failure Guideline (2022)
- Universal Definition and Classification of Heart Failure (JACC 2021)
- VESALIUS-CV: Evolocumab in Primary Prevention (ACC)
- ACC/AHA Guideline on Assessment of Cardiovascular Risk (2013)
- ATP III Report on High Blood Cholesterol
- ACC/AHA Guideline on Management of Blood Cholesterol (2018) [Retired — superseded by 2026 Guideline]
History of Cholesterol
Primordial Prevention
- Urgent need to treat ASCVD risk from earliest point in life
- Eliminating ASCVD by lowering LDL from birth
- Cumulative LDL-C exposure and risk of CV events
- Familial hypobetalipoproteinemia protects from ASCVD
- Ference BA: Low LDL-C for long duration reduces CV events
- Causal effect of ApoB lipoproteins on ASCVD
- LDL-C and lifetime risk in genome analysis
- Risk trajectories in young adults from Mendelian randomization
- Non-HDL-C Levels From Childhood to Adulthood and CV Events (JAMA 2024)
- Living Longer in Good Cardiovascular Health (Circulation)
- Goren A et al.: The ABCs of Cardiovascular Disease Prevention — Communicating What We Know in 2026 (Am J Prev Cardiol 2026)
- Chen et al.: Impact of Genetic Risk Information for CVD on Behavioural Changes and Risk Factor Modification — Systematic Review (Eur J Prev Cardiol 2026)
Statin Alternatives & Novel Therapies
Special Populations
Atherosclerosis Biology
- Pathophysiology of atherosclerosis
- Libby P: The Changing Landscape of Atherosclerosis (Nature 2021)
- Williams KJ, Tabas I: Response-to-Retention Hypothesis of Atherosclerosis
- Borén J et al.: Arterial Retention of ApoB Lipoproteins in Atherosclerosis (EAS Consensus)
- Zeng R-X et al.: Cholesterol-Inflammation Fusion Hypothesis in Atherosclerosis (JACC Asia 2026)
- Ross R: Atherosclerosis — An Inflammatory Disease (NEJM 1999)
- HI-PEITHO: Catheter-Directed Fibrinolysis in Intermediate-Risk PE (ACC 2026)
- SCOUT-HCM: Mavacamten in Adolescent Obstructive HCM (ACC 2026)
▸ Biomarkers & Risk Assessment (76 references)
Lipid Biomarkers Overview
- Lipid biomarkers and risk of ASCVD — European Atherosclerosis Society
- Advanced Lipoprotein Testing and Subfractionation Are Not (Yet) Ready for Routine Clinical Use
- Comprehensive lipid testing and management
- Apolipoprotein or Lipid Measurement for Cardiovascular Risk Assessment
- CardioAdvocate: What's Your ApoB?
- Krishnan V et al.: Systematic Examination of the PREVENT Equations for Cardiovascular Disease Risk (Am J Prev Cardiol 2026)
- Balling M et al.: VLDL Cholesterol and ASCVD Risk — A Population-Based Study (J Clin Lipidol 2026)
LDL-C (Low-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol)
- Low LDL-C and risk of cancer — PCSK9 trial analysis
- Very low LDL-C levels — Are they safe?
- LDL and lower is better: evidence from genetics
- Calculated vs. Direct LDL — systematic review
- Familial hypobetalipoproteinemia shows lifetime low LDL is safe
- Fasting is not routinely required for lipid testing
- LDL-C: How low can we go?
- Cumulative exposure to LDL-C and CV events
- Low LDL-C and hemorrhagic stroke
- LDL-C, Statins, and Cancer risk (no causal link)
Apolipoprotein B (ApoB)
Non-HDL Cholesterol
Biomarker Discordance (LDL-C vs ApoB vs LDL-P)
HDL-C (High-Density Lipoprotein)
Lipoprotein(a)
- CardioAdvocate: Little Napoleon Complex — Lipoprotein(a)
- Elevated Lp(a) and MACE Risk Regardless of ASCVD History (UK Biobank)
- High Lp(a): Actionable Strategies for Risk Assessment and Mitigation
- Lipoprotein(a) and cardiovascular risk — consensus from EAS
- Pelacarsen (TQJ230) — Lp(a) lowering ASO
- Mendelian randomization shows Lp(a) causal for CHD
- Lp(a) testing — who and when
- OxPL on ApoB mediates Lp(a) risk
- Lipoprotein(a) as a risk factor — Framingham data
Triglycerides
ApoE
Oxidized Phospholipids (OxPL)
hsCRP & Inflammation
- CardioAdvocate: The Itch That Rashes — Inflammation and CRP
- Kakizaki R et al.: Silent Plaque Ruptures in Non-Obstructive Lesions of Non-Infarct-Related Arteries — Serial Intracoronary Imaging (Eur Heart J 2026)
- Inflammatory and Cholesterol Risks and Rates of Major CV Events Among Patients with ASCVD in Routine Care (EHJ Open 2026)
- CANTOS Trial: Anti-inflammatory Therapy with Canakinumab for ASCVD
- JUPITER Trial (Rosuvastatin in elevated CRP)
- CRP Levels and Outcomes after Statin Therapy
- High-Sensitivity CRP and Cardiovascular Disease — Resolved and Unresolved
Residual Risk
Other Biomarkers
▸ Lipid Disorders & Phenotypes (39 references)
Classifying Lipid Disorders
Familial Hypercholesterolemia (FH)
- CardioAdvocate: Hiding in Plain Sight — Familial Hypercholesterolemia
- AHA Scientific Statement on Familial Hypercholesterolemia (2015)
- EAS Consensus Statement on Familial Hypercholesterolemia (2013)
- Gene expression profiling in elderly FH patients
- Family Heart Foundation: PCSK9i still being denied
- FH prevalence and underdiagnosis
- FH Foundation
Familial Chylomicronemia Syndrome (FCS)
- FCS Foundation
- CardioAdvocate: Don't Forget Your Beans — CKD Phenotype
Lean Mass Hyperresponders (LMHR)
- LMHR study: Keto diet and elevated LDL-C
- CardioAdvocate: The Straw That Breaks the Camel's Back — LMHR
- Ez-PAVE: Intensive vs. Conventional LDL-C Targets in ASCVD (NEJM 2026)
- VESALIUS-CV Diabetes Subgroup: Evolocumab in Primary Prevention (ACC 2026)
- ESSENCE-TIMI 73b CTA Substudy: Olezarsen Effect on Coronary Atherosclerosis (ACC 2026)
▸ Treatments & Therapies (117 references)
Diet, Nutrition & Lifestyle
- 2021 Dietary Guidance to Improve Cardiovascular Health: AHA Scientific Statement
- Mediterranean diet and cardiovascular outcomes (PREDIMED)
- Healthy Dietary Patterns and Risk of All-Cause and Cause-Specific Mortality
- AHA Life's Essential 8
- Ultra-processed foods and cardiovascular disease
- Alcohol and heart disease: new evidence
- Coffee and cardiovascular health
- Exercise and cardiovascular risk reduction
- Egg consumption and cardiovascular risk
- Dietary cholesterol and cardiovascular risk: AHA advisory
- Coconut oil and cardiovascular risk
- Red meat and cardiovascular risk
- CardioAdvocate: EGGCELLENT, or Rotten Egg?
- CardioAdvocate: Killer Workouts — The Adult Athlete
- GoFreshRx: Medically Tailored Meal Delivery Reduces CV Events in Food-Insecure Adults (Nature Medicine 2026)
- Nutritional Controversies: Seed Oils, Beef Tallow, and Artificial Sweeteners — What the Evidence Actually Says (PMC 2026)
Omega-3 Fatty Acids
- Omega-3 and Cardiovascular Disease: Effects on Risk Factors
- Omega-3 Blood Levels and Cardiovascular Risk
- Do patients benefit from omega-3 fatty acids?
- EPA inhibits Lp(a) with high OxPL
- CardioAdvocate: Something Smells Fishy — Fish Oil Controversy
- Mason RP: Emerging Mechanisms of Cardiovascular Protection for EPA (ATVB 2020)
- Zeng R-X et al.: Cholesterol-Inflammation Fusion Hypothesis — EPA Crystal Intercalation Mechanism (JACC Asia 2026)
Statins
- CardioAdvocate: Statin Apocalypse or Pleiotropic Nirvana
- Statins for Primary Prevention in Older Adults
- High-Intensity Statin Use Among Patients with ASCVD
- Statin Therapy in People with HIV
- Statin therapy and reduced mortality across all age groups
- PROSPER: Pravastatin in Elderly
- Safety of Aggressive Lipid Management
- SAMSON Trial: Statin Side-Effect Nocebo Assessment (JACC 2021)
- CTT Collaboration: Statin Side Effects Meta-Analysis of 123,940 Patients — Nocebo Effect Confirmed (JAMA Network Open 2026)
Ezetimibe (Zetia)
Bempedoic Acid
PCSK9 Inhibitors
Icosapent Ethyl (Vascepa)
CETP Inhibitors
ANGPTL3 Inhibitors
Fibrates
Niacin
Inflammation Therapies (Colchicine)
Plant Sterols/Stanols
▸ Imaging & Diagnostics (30 references)
Coronary Artery Calcium (CAC)
- MESA CAC Score Calculator
- AHA/ACC Statement on CAC Scoring
- CAC and long-term outcomes (MESA)
- CAC for guiding statin therapy in intermediate risk
- CAC score of zero and long-term CV risk
- Serial CAC scoring and progression
- Agatston score and CV risk stratification
- CAC in young adults (under 40)
- Statin use and CAC progression
- CAC testing: AHA/ACC appropriateness criteria
- CAC and non-cardiac surgery risk
- Society for CVD Prevention: Role of CAC
- CAC visualization and statin/aspirin adherence — PACC project (Taylor et al., JACC 2008)
- Visualizing coronary calcium improves statin adherence (Kalia et al., Atherosclerosis 2006)
- CardioAdvocate: A Picture Is Worth a Thousand Words — CAC Scores
- CardioAdvocate: What Does My Calcium Score Mean?
- CAUGHT-CAD: CAC-Guided Statin Therapy in Familial Premature CAD (JAMA 2025)
Cardiac CT Angiography (CCTA)
Intracoronary Imaging & Plaque Vulnerability
▸ Cardiovascular Conditions (125 references)
Landmark Cardiovascular Trials
- CORALreef Lipids: Oral PCSK9 Inhibitor Enlicitide — 57% LDL Reduction (NEJM 2026)
- BROADWAY: Obicetrapib (NEJM 2025)
- TANDEM: Obicetrapib + Ezetimibe (Lancet 2025)
- PROMINENT: Pemafibrate in Diabetes (NEJM 2022)
- CLEAR Outcomes: Bempedoic Acid
- LoDoCo2: Colchicine chronic CAD
- COLCOT: Colchicine post-MI
- CANTOS: Canakinumab
- ODYSSEY Outcomes: Alirocumab
- FOURIER: Evolocumab
- REDUCE-IT: Icosapent Ethyl
- GLAGOV: Evolocumab and Plaque Regression (JAMA 2016)
- IMPROVE-IT: Ezetimibe + Statin
- JUPITER: Rosuvastatin in Elevated hsCRP
- TNT: Treating to New Targets — Atorvastatin 80 vs 10 mg (NEJM 2005)
- PROVE IT-TIMI 22: Intensive vs Moderate Statin after ACS (NEJM 2004)
- HPS: Heart Protection Study (Simvastatin)
- AFCAPS/TexCAPS: Lovastatin in Primary Prevention (JAMA 1998)
- CARE: Pravastatin after MI
- WOSCOPS: Pravastatin in Primary Prevention
- 4S Trial: Simvastatin and Coronary Heart Disease
- ORBITA-CTO: Percutaneous Coronary Intervention for Chronic Total Occlusion — Sham-Controlled Trial (NEJM 2026)
- KARDINAL: RNA-Based Angiotensinogen Inhibition for Resistant Hypertension (NEJM 2026)
- ACC.26 Late-Breaking Trial Analysis: Key Takeaways for Cardiometabolic Practice (JACC 2026)
- SOUL Trial: Oral Semaglutide Reduces MACE in Type 2 Diabetes (NEJM 2026)
- SURPASS-CVOT: Tirzepatide vs. Dulaglutide Cardiovascular Outcomes in Type 2 Diabetes (NEJM 2026)
Lipids and Dementia/Alzheimer's
Heart Failure
- CardioAdvocate: Too Little, Too Late — HFrEF
- CardioAdvocate: The Enigma — HFpEF
- 2022 AHA/ACC/HFSA Guideline for Management of Heart Failure (Circulation)
- DAPA-HF: Dapagliflozin in Heart Failure with Reduced EF (NEJM 2019)
- EMPEROR-Reduced: Empagliflozin in HFrEF (NEJM 2020)
- STRONG-HF: Rapid Up-Titration of GDMT After Acute HF (Lancet 2022)
- SPIRIT-HF: Spironolactone in HFpEF/HFmrEF (ACC 2026)
- DEFENDER Trial: Dapagliflozin in Acute Cardiovascular ICU (JACC Advances 2026)
- DAPA ACT HF-TIMI 68: Dapagliflozin Initiation in Acute Heart Failure (Circulation 2026)
- Genetic Counselling in Dilated Cardiomyopathy — ESC HFA Clinical Consensus Statement (Eur Heart J 2026)
- GLP-1 RA + SGLT2i Combination Therapy in HFpEF with Obesity (JACC HF 2024)
- SUMMIT: Tirzepatide in HFpEF with Obesity — 38% Reduction in CV Death/Worsening HF (NEJM 2026)
- ACC Expert Consensus: Obesity Management in Heart Failure (JACC 2025)
Atrial Fibrillation
- CardioAdvocate: Drinking Buddies — AFib and Its Cardiometabolic Companions
- 2023 ACC/AHA/ACCP/HRS Guideline for Diagnosis and Management of Atrial Fibrillation (Circulation)
- CHAMPION-AF: WATCHMAN FLX vs. NOAC in AFib (NEJM 2026)
- POTCAST: Potassium Targeting 4.5–5.0 mmol/L Reduces Arrhythmia Events 24% in ICD Patients (NEJM 2025)
- Editorial: Targeting Potassium for Prevention of Ventricular Arrhythmias (NEJM 2025)
- 2026 HRS/EHRA Scientific Statement on Pulsed Field Ablation for Cardiac Arrhythmias (Heart Rhythm 2026)
- EHRA 2026 Congress: Illuminating Arrhythmia Management — Paris, April 12–14
- SGLT2 Inhibitors Reduce Post-Ablation AF Recurrence: Systematic Review & Meta-Analysis (PMC 2026)
- SGLT2 Inhibitors as Antiarrhythmics: Meta-Analysis of 38 Randomized Controlled Trials (JACC Advances 2025)
- ADVENT-LTO: Pulsed Field Ablation 4-Year Durability — Fewer Repeat Ablations vs. Thermal (Nature Medicine 2026)
Stroke
Peripheral Artery Disease (PAD)
- CardioAdvocate: Canary in the Coal Mine — The Peripheral Artery Disease Patient
- 2024 ACC/AHA PAD Guideline (Gornik et al, JACC 2024)
- VOYAGER PAD: Rivaroxaban After PAD Revascularization (Bonaca et al, NEJM 2020)
- Pentoxifylline for Intermittent Claudication (Cochrane Review 2020)
- Global Burden of PAD: >230 Million Affected (Circulation Research)
- FOURIER PAD Subgroup: Evolocumab in PAD (Bonaca et al, Circulation 2018)
- COMPASS: Rivaroxaban With or Without Aspirin in Stable CVD (Eikelboom et al, NEJM 2017)
- CANVAS: Canagliflozin and CV/Renal Events in T2D (Neal et al, NEJM 2017)
- Cilostazol FDA Label (2017)
- TRA 2P-TIMI 50: Vorapaxar in Secondary Prevention (Morrow et al, NEJM 2012)
- TRA 2P-TIMI 50: Vorapaxar in Prior MI Subgroup (Scirica et al, Lancet 2012)
- REACH Registry: Atherothrombosis Risk Factors in 67,888 Patients (Bhatt et al, JAMA 2006)
- SPARCL: High-Dose Atorvastatin After Stroke or TIA (NEJM 2006)
- PAD Prevalence in the U.S.: NHANES 1999-2000 (Selvin & Erlinger, Circulation 2004)
- CAPRIE: Clopidogrel vs Aspirin in Atherosclerotic Disease (Lancet 1996)
- SirPAD: Sirolimus-Coated Balloon for Infra-Inguinal PAD (ACC 2026)
Acute Coronary Syndromes
▸ Metabolic & Systemic (21 references)
Metabolic Disorders
- Metabolic syndrome and cardiovascular risk
- Evans PC, Vilahur G, Kleinbongard P, et al. Novel cardiovascular metabolic risk factor mechanisms and therapeutic opportunities — ESC Scientific Statement (Eur Heart J 2026)
- CardioAdvocate: The Sweet Spot — Diabetes
- CARDIAL-MS: A Proposed Staging Framework for Cardiometabolic Disease (ScienceDirect 2026)
NAFLD/NASH (MASLD/MASH)
- NAFLD and cardiovascular risk
- Statin use in NAFLD patients
- CardioAdvocate: Barking Up the Wrong Tree — MASH and Fatty Liver
- Sattar N et al.: MASLD and Cardiovascular Risk — New Perspectives (J Hepatology 2026)
- ESSENCE Trial: Phase 3 Semaglutide in Metabolic Dysfunction–Associated Steatohepatitis — Sanyal et al. (NEJM 2025)
- SGLT2 Inhibition in Cirrhosis: Triple Organ Protection — Liver, Kidney, Heart (Lancet 2026)
- Tirzepatide vs. Semaglutide in MASLD with Obesity and Diabetes: Comparative Outcomes (Cleveland Clinic 2026)
Obesity
- AHA Scientific Statement: Obesity and Cardiovascular Disease (Circulation 2021)
- Koskinas KC, et al. Obesity and cardiovascular disease: an ESC clinical consensus statement (Eur Heart J 2024)
- Lincoff AM, et al. Semaglutide and cardiovascular outcomes in obesity without diabetes — SELECT trial (NEJM 2023)
- Tirzepatide in HFpEF and obesity — SUMMIT trial (NEJM 2025)
- Joynt Maddox KA, et al. AHA Scientific Statement: Projected CVD in U.S. Women by 2050 (Circulation 2026)
- GLP-1 Discontinuation "Metabolic Whiplash": CV Benefits Erase Rapidly Upon Stopping (WashU/BMJ Medicine 2026)
- Heart Benefits of GLP-1 Medications Fade Shortly After Stopping Therapy (AJMC 2026)
- GLP-1 RAs + 8 Healthy Habits Linked With 60% Lower MACE (Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol 2026)
- CardioAdvocate: See No Evil — Obesity
- FDA FAERS Data Reveal Differential Risk Profiles Among GLP-1 Receptor Agonists (Medscape 2026)
- GLP-1 RA Cardiovascular and Kidney Benefits in Type 1 Diabetes (~175K patients; Nature Medicine 2026)
▸ CardioAdvocate Resources (66 references)
Phenotype Articles (Clinical Deep Dives)
- Hiding in Plain Sight — Familial Hypercholesterolemia
- Little Napoleon Complex — Lipoprotein(a)
- A Picture Is Worth a Thousand Words — CAC Scores
- The Itch That Rashes — Inflammation and CRP
- The Sweet Spot — Diabetes
- Too Much of a GOOD Thing — Dysfunctional HDL
- The Straw That Breaks the Camel's Back — LMHR
- Something Smells Fishy — Fish Oil Controversy
- EGGCELLENT, or Rotten Egg? — Eggs and Heart Disease
- Statin Apocalypse or Pleiotropic Nirvana — Statins
- Follow the Leader — Lipid Guidelines
- Barking Up the Wrong Tree — MASH and Fatty Liver
- The Day Dreamer — Obstructive Sleep Apnea
- Drinking Buddies — AFib and Cardiometabolic Companions
- Don't Forget Your Beans — CKD
- Age Is Just a Number — Aging and Heart Disease
- Under Pressure — Hypertension
- Brain Attack — Stroke
- Cheating Death — Heart Attack Survivor
- Killer Workouts — The Adult Athlete
- Too Little, Too Late — HFrEF
- The Enigma — HFpEF
- The Incidentaloma
- The Atherogenic Triad
- Wear Red for Women — Women's Cardiometabolic Health
- Precious Cargo — Pregnancy as a Cardiovascular Stress Test
- There's an App for That! — Why Risk Calculators Fail
Insight Articles (Essays & Analysis)
- Bias — It's All Around Us
- The Wild, Wild West
- What's Your ApoB? — A Practical Approach to Lipid Management
- What Does My Calcium Score Mean?
- Who Needs to See a Cardiologist or Cardiometabolic Specialist?
- Rewriting the Code — Gene Editing Therapies
- A Cup of Joe Never Hurt Anyone — Coffee and Heart Health
Understanding Your Test Results
▸ Diet, Lifestyle & Prevention (10 references)
Primary Resources
- However other data suggests exercise CAN trigger a heart attack. But the above study suggests that the more sedentary an individual is, the more likely it is that HEAVY physical exertion will provoke an MI. Habitual and moderate to high intensity exercise appears to reduce this risk (Triggering o...
- However other data suggests exercise CAN trigger a heart attack. But the above study suggests that the more sedentary an individual is, the more likely it is that HEAVY physical exertion will provoke an MI. Habitual and moderate to high intensity exercise appears to reduce this risk (Triggering of S
- We presently don't have enough data to inform us on the hazards of this particular dietary impact.
- Hyperkalemia: MRAs can raise potassium levels. This is manageable — monitor potassium regularly, adjust dietary intake, and consider potassium binders (patiromer, sodium zirconium cyclosilicate) if needed. The mortality benefit of MRAs far outweighs the manageable risk.
- There is sparse data on the long-term effects of ketogenic diet, particularly on LMHR. Studies are ongoing (Lean Mass Hyper-responder Study — Citizen Science Foundation) and spearheaded by Dave Feldman (@realDaveFeldman) with Dr. Matthew Budoff (@Buddoffmd) as principal investigator. The KETO Trial
- However other data suggests exercise CAN trigger a heart attack. But the above study suggests that the more sedentary an individual is, the more likely it is that HEAVY physical exertion will provoke an MI.
- A review of exercise can be found here: Physical Exercise and Arrhythmogenic Right Ventricular Cardiomyopathy/Dysplasia: An Overview.
- The dal-OUTCOMES trial was a large-scale RCT of ~15,000 high-risk secondary prevention patients. This study was terminated due to futility.
▸ Dementia & Neurological (3 references)
Primary Resources
- While some evidence suggests statins may be associated with incident cognitive impairment in older adults, a preponderance of literature indicates neutral or even protective statin-related cognitive effects. The ASPREE trial (N=18,846, median age 74) found no association between statin use and in...
- ignal of dementia with regards to statins. Aggressive lowering of LDL-C has not demonstrated any increased risk for dementia, cognitive dysfunction or hemorrhagic stroke.
-
Mental & Emotional Health: High well-being increases survival rate by 10% even in those with chronic diseases. (NCBI — Well-Being and Longevity) Socialization: Time to death delayed by up to 110% in those who socialized weekly vs. never. (
▸ Hypertension & Blood Pressure (15 references)
Hypertension GuidelinesLandmark TrialsACE Inhibitors & ARBsSodium & Lifestyle- DASH-Sodium Trial: Effects of Sodium Reduction on Blood Pressure (NEJM 2001)
- Dietary Sodium and Cardiovascular Disease Risk (NEJM 2014)
- SSaSS: Salt Substitute and Stroke/Death in China (NEJM 2021)
- DASH Trial: Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (NEJM 1997)
- GoFreshRx: DASH Grocery Delivery and Blood Pressure (Nature Medicine 2026)
- KARDINAL: Tonlamarsen (Angiotensinogen Inhibitor) in Resistant HTN (ACC 2026)
- THRIVE: Food-Is-Medicine in Black/Hispanic Adults with HTN (ACC 2026)
▸ Antithrombotic & Antiplatelet Therapy (13 references)
Antiplatelet GuidelinesAspirin & P2Y12 Inhibitors- CURE: Clopidogrel + Aspirin in Acute Coronary Syndromes (NEJM 2001)
- TRITON-TIMI 38: Prasugrel vs Clopidogrel in ACS (NEJM 2007)
- PLATO: Ticagrelor vs Clopidogrel in ACS (NEJM 2009)
- CHARISMA: Clopidogrel + Aspirin vs Aspirin Alone in Atherothrombotic Prevention (NEJM 2006)
- CAPRIE: Clopidogrel vs Aspirin in Patients at Risk (Lancet 1996)
Anticoagulation & Combined Antithrombotic Strategies- COMPASS: Rivaroxaban + Aspirin in Stable Cardiovascular Disease (NEJM 2017)
- VOYAGER PAD: Rivaroxaban After PAD Revascularization (NEJM 2020)
- TRA 2P-TIMI 50: Vorapaxar in Secondary Prevention (NEJM 2012)
- DOACs Linked to 34% Fewer Intracranial Hemorrhages vs VKAs — Population-Level Study (Annals of Medicine 2026)
GP IIb/IIIa Inhibitors & Parenteral Anticoagulants▸ Valvular Heart Disease (11 references)
Valvular Heart Disease GuidelinesAortic Stenosis & TAVR- EARLY TAVR: TAVR for Asymptomatic Severe Aortic Stenosis (NEJM 2024)
- PARTNER 3: TAVR in Low-Risk Patients (NEJM 2019)
- PARTNER: TAVR for Inoperable Aortic Stenosis (NEJM 2010)
- NOTION: TAVR vs SAVR in Low-Risk All-Comers (NEJM 2015)
- NOTION-2: TAVR vs Surgery in Bicuspid Aortic Stenosis — 3-Year Results (Circulation 2025)
Mitral & Other Valve Disease- COAPT: Transcatheter Mitral Valve Repair in Heart Failure (NEJM 2018)
- MITRA-FR: Mitral Valve Repair in Secondary MR (NEJM 2018)
- EVEREST II: MitraClip for Mitral Regurgitation (NEJM 2011)
- Bicuspid Aortic Valve: A Comprehensive Review (Mayo Clin Proc 1999)
- Statin Therapy and Aortic Stenosis: SALTIRE, SEAS, ASTRONOMER — No Benefit (Lancet 2015)
- Dig-RHD: Digoxin in Rheumatic Heart Disease (ACC 2026)
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This library is curated by CardioAdvocate for educational purposes. Inclusion of a reference does not constitute endorsement. All links direct to publicly available resources. Last updated April 9, 2026. Content is reviewed and updated periodically as new evidence emerges.
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